Solar radiation: mhando, zvivakwa uye tsananguro
Solar radiation tsananguro: isimba rinoburitswa neZuva munzvimbo yepakati peplanetary.
Kana tichitaura nezvehuwandu hwesimba rezuva rinosvika pamusoro penyika yedu, tinoshandisa irradiance uye irradiation concepts.Solar irradiation ndiyo simba rinogamuchirwa pane imwe unit unit (J / m2), simba rinogamuchirwa munguva yakatarwa.Saizvozvowo, kupenya kwezuva isimba rinogamuchirwa nechinguva chidiki - rinoratidzwa mumawati paskweya mita (W/m2)
Nuclear fusion reactions inoitika musolar nucleus uye ndiko kunobva simba reZuva.Nuclear radiation inogadzira electromagnetic radiation pama frequency akasiyana kana wavelengths.Electromagnetic radiation inopararira muchadenga nekumhanya kwechiedza (299,792 km / s).
Solar Radiance Yakazarurwa: Rwendo muMarudzi uye Kukosha kweSolar Radiation.
Kukosha kwehumwe ndiyo nguva yezuva;solar constant ndiyo huwandu hwemwaranzi inogamuchirwa pakarepo pachikamu chimwe chete chikamu chekunze kwemhepo yepasi mundege yakatarisana nemwaranzi yezuva.Paavhareji, kukosha kwezuva rinogara riri 1.366 W / m2.
Mhando dzeSolar Radiation
Solar radiation inoumbwa nemhando dzinotevera dzemwaranzi:
Infrared rays (IR): Infrared mwaranzi inopa kupisa uye inomiririra 49% yemwaranzi yezuva.
Raranzi inooneka (VI): inomiririra 43% yemwaranzi uye inopa chiedza.
Ultraviolet mwaranzi (UV mwaranzi): inomiririra 7%.
Mamwe marudzi emwaranzi: inomiririra inenge 1% yehuwandu.
Mhando dzeUltraviolet Rays
Zvakare, ultraviolet (UV) mwaranzi yakakamurwa kuita marudzi matatu:
Ultraviolet A kana UVA: Zvinopfuura nemumhepo zviri nyore, zvichisvika pasi rose.
Ultraviolet B kana UVB: Short-wavelength.Ane dambudziko guru kupfuura nepamhepo.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanosvika kuequatorial zone nekukurumidza kupfuura kune yakakwirira latitude.
Ultraviolet C kana UVC: Short-wavelength.Haapfuuri nechadenga.Panzvimbo pezvo, ozone layer inoatora.
Zvivakwa zveSolar Radiation
Iyo yakazara solar radiation yakagovaniswa muhupamhi hweasina-uniform amplitude neyakajairwa chimiro chebhero, sezvakangoita spectrum yemuviri mutema iyo solar sosi inofananidzwa.Naizvozvo, haitarise pane imwe frequency.
Mwaranzi inokwana iri pakati pebhendi remwaranzi kana mwenje unooneka une peak pa500 nm kunze kwemhepo yePasi, iyo inoenderana neruvara rwegirini yecyan.
Zvinoenderana nemutemo weWien, iyo photosynthetically inoshanda nemwaranzi bhendi inotenderera pakati pe400 ne700 nm, inoenderana nemwaranzi inooneka, uye yakaenzana ne41% yemwaranzi yese.Mukati meiyo photosynthetically inoshanda nemwaranzi, kune subbands ane radiation:
bhuruu-violet (400-490 nm)
girini (490-560 nm)
yero (560-590 nm)
orenji-tsvuku (590-700 nm)
Pakuyambuka mhepo, mwaranzi yezuva inoitwa kutariswa, kudzokororwa, kutorwa, uye kuparadzirwa nemagasi emuchadenga akasiyana-siyana kusvika padanho rakasiyana-siyana sebasa re frequency.
Muchadenga wepasi unoshanda sesefa.Rutivi rwokunze rwemhepo yakapoteredza pasi rinotora chikamu chemwaranzi, richiratidzira mamwe akananga muchadenga.Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda sesefa icarbon dioxide, makore, uye mhute yemvura, iyo dzimwe nguva inochinja kuva mwaranzi inopararira.
Isu tinofanirwa kurangarira kuti solar radiation haina kufanana kwese kwese.Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzinopisa dzinogamuchira mwaranzi yezuva zvakanyanya nekuti maranzi eZuva anenge akatarisana nePasi.
Nei Kupisa Kwezuva Kuchidikanwa?
Simba reSolar ndiyo yekutanga simba sosi uye, saka, injini inotyaira zvakatipoteredza.Simba rezuva ratinogamuchira kuburikidza nemwaranzi yezuva rinokonzeresa zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga zvinhu zvakakosha kumaitiro ehupenyu akadai sephotosynthesis, kuchengetedza tembiricha yemhepo yepasi inowirirana nehupenyu, kana mhepo.
Simba rezuva repasi rose rinosvika pasi penyika rakakura zvakapetwa ka10 000 pane simba rinoshandiswa nevanhu vese parizvino.
Kupisa Kwezuva Kunobata Sei Hutano?
Ultraviolet radiation inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakasiyana paganda remunhu zvichienderana nekusimba kwayo uye kureba kwemafungu aro.
UVA radiation inogona kukonzera kuchembera kweganda nguva isati yakwana uye gomarara reganda.Inogonawo kukonzera matambudziko emaziso uye immune system.
Mwaranzi yeUVB inokonzera kupisa kwezuva, kusviba, kukora kwekunze kweganda, melanoma, uye mamwe marudzi egomarara reganda.Inogonawo kukonzera matambudziko emaziso uye immune system.
Iyo ozone layer inodzivirira yakawanda yemwaranzi yeUVC kusvika kuPasi.Muchikamu chekurapa, radiation yeUVC inogonawo kubva kune mamwe marambi kana laser beam uye inoshandiswa kuuraya utachiona kana kubatsira kuporesa maronda.Inoshandiswawo kurapa mamwe mamiriro eganda akadai se psoriasis, vitiligo, uye nodules paganda anokonzera cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
Munyori: Oriol Planas - Industrial Technical Engineer
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-27-2023